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Saturday, February 26, 2011

How To Run A Beauty Salon: Permits Maureen Farrell, 04.20.07, 6:00 PM ET pic Complete Coverage How To Run A Beauty Salon: • Best Role Model • Exter

How To Run A Beauty Salon: Permits




Every new business owner needs to know the fundamentals. Forbes.com is breaking down those building blocks by answering eight core questions related to a given industry. Taken together, the information will give budding entrepreneurs a head start on making those first critical steps.

What permits do I need to open a beauty salon?

You and your staff probably shelled out thousands of dollars and spent a few years learning your craft. Thankfully, obtaining a state license to operate a salon is cheap and quick. "It's actually one of the easiest things you'll do when getting started," says Laurence Seybold, owner of Milwaukee-based salon Carenza.

But first, as with any small business, you need to establish the corporate structure--probably a limited liability company. This involves filing articles of incorporation or organization. Once established, you'll be able to secure a federal tax identification number, which registers your business with the federal government so Uncle Sam can take his cut of your salon's cash flow.

Scheduling an appointment with the relevant state agency--usually the state's department of cosmetology--shouldn't take more than a few days. Licenses to operate a salon typically cost between $100 and $2,000, depending in part on the length of the license.

To meet the requirements, your salon will need to pass muster with electrical, sanitation and fire codes. You also will need to prove that you and your employees carry the necessary licenses to tease those locks; peddling manicures, pedicures or massages requires additional licenses.

A SLOW tribute to the beauty of asian/european girls

A SLOW tribute to the beauty of asian/european girls

is it just me or am i liek the only one who dousent find gooks appiling :S
they arnt that atractive
i mean they are slightly
but hell we have none of those type here in australia they all live in japan lol
but yeah really they just dont seem attractive and beautiful to me
i like aryan (white, europian decent) girls, like my ex her familys line gose to germany and finland were mine come from germany and irland :D lol
and my ex befor her her family came from iralnd and poland
hail the aryan race :D
hail the aryan race :D
Hahah, no I kind of agree with you coffin-feeder. The girls Badwolf posts are good looking, but not the type I prefer.
European for me. But not white blonde, kind of over that. Dark haired :)
Badwolf needs to make a thread like this for European, maybe Italian or French girls. I'm not saying they're better but I just prefer that type.
Basically it's a all a matter of preference, normally white guys go for white girls and Asian guys go for Asian girls etc etc.
BTW gook is bloody racist, and not only that it refers to one type of Asian, Vietnamese

Kohl (cosmetics)

Kohl (cosmetics)


18th century Somali kohl pot.

Kohl is an ancient eye cosmetic. It was made by grinding galena (lead sulfide) and other ingredients. Today the trend is to make it without poisonous ingredients. It is widely used in the Middle East, North Africa, the Horn of Africa and South Asia to darken the eyelids and as mascara for the eyelashes. It is used mostly by women, but also some men and children,

Kohl goes by numerous names: Arabic: كحلkuḥl; Hindi: काजल kājal; Kurdish: کل; Urdu: کاجل kājal; Malayalam: കൺ‌മഷി kaNmashi / സുറുമ suRuma; Kannada: ಕಾಡಿಗೆ ; Somali: kuul; Telugu: కాటుక Katuka; Tamil: கண் மை Kan Mai. It is also known as kol, kehal or kohal in the Arab world, and surma or kajal in South Asia.c

Kohl has been worn traditionally as far back as the Bronze Age (3500 B.C. onward) by the Egyptian queens. It was originally used as protection against eye ailments. There was also a belief that darkening around the eyes would protect one from the harsh rays of the sun. India's oldest caste, the koli, used kohl as a cosmetic. In addition, mothers would apply kohl to their infants' eyes soon after birth. Some did this to "strengthen the child's eyes", and others believed it could prevent the child from being cursed by the evil eye.[1]

Kohl's ancient importance survives through its use as the etymological root for the English word alcohol.

Potential dangers

Potential dangers

The search for new ingredients and products often brings controversy, typically over ingredients whose function is unproven or disputed.[citation needed]

There are few potential dangers regarding the use of cosmetics. One such danger is the use of old mascara. Some mascaras contain an ingredient that breaks down to produce formaldehyde. The formaldehyde prevents the growth of bacteria. Aged mascara, however, may no longer be producing formaldehyde, allowing bacteria to proliferate. For this reason, it is often recommended to replace a tube of mascara every few months .[17][18]

In one well-known case, Buddy Ebsen was originally cast as the "Tin Man" in the The Wizard of Oz. Aluminium dust was used to create a tin effect. As the result of an allergic reaction, he was hospitalized and Jack Haley replaced him. Aluminium dust was, instead, added to a paste

Regulation

Regulation

Legislation varies from country to country but most countries have some sort of formal legislation that either restrict or prohibit certain ingredients or products. There are two main sources for cosmetics safety. The EU Cosmetics Directive 76/768/EEC and the Canadian Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist.[3][4]

A new version of the EU's Cosmetics Directive was adopted by the European Parliament, 24 March 2009.[14] It namely includes new rules concerning the use of nanoparticles in cosmetics and includes stricter rules on animal testing of cosmetics.[15]

Cosmetic colourants are highly regulated and also used as food dyes.[citation needed] . Each country or group of countries has their own regulatory agency that controls what can go into cosmetics. In the United States, the regulating body is the Food and Drug Administration. Aside from color additives, cosmetic products and their ingredients are not subject to FDA regulation prior to their release into the market. It is only when a product is found to violate Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) and Fair Packaging and Labeling Act (FPLA) after its release that the FDA may start taking action against this violation. The FDA may request a recall if the company refuses to remove an unsafe product from the market, work with the Department of Justice to remove contaminated or misbranded products, request a restraining order to prevent further shipments of contaminated or misbranded products, and take action against the company violating the law. A company may use any ingredient, other than color additives and those ingredients banned from use in cosmetics through regulation, as long the completed product and its ingredients is safe, is properly labeled, and isn’t contaminated or misbranded under the FD&C Act and the FPLA. FDA can and does perform inspections.

Perfume

Perfume

Islamic cultures contributed significantly in the development of western perfumery in both perfecting the extraction of fragrances through steam distillation and introducing new, raw ingredients. Both of the raw ingredients and distillation technology significantly influenced western perfumery and scientific developments, particularly chemistry.[6]

As traders, Islamic cultures such as the Arabs and Persians had wider access to different spices, herbals, and other fragrance material. In addition to trading them, many of these exotic materials were cultivated by the Muslims such that they can be successfully grown outside of their native climates. Two examples of this include jasmine, which is native to South and Southeast Asia, and various citrus, which are native to East Asia. Both of these ingredients are still highly important in modern perfumery.[6]

The Crusaders brought alcohol-based perfumes back to Europe from the Middle East in the 13th Century.[7] The first modern perfume, made of scented oils blended in an alcohol solution, was made in 1370 at the command of Queen Elizabeth of Hungary and was known throughout Europe as Hungary Water. France quickly became the European centre of perfume and cosmetic manufacture, cultivating vast amounts of flowers for their essence. By the 18th century, aromatic plants were being specifically grown in the Grasse region of France to provide the growing perfume industry with raw materials.[

Types of cosmetics

Types of cosmetics

Facial cosmetics

The Romans and ancient Egyptians used cosmetics containing mercury.[citation needed]

Foundation

Women of Roman Britain used a foundation made from animal fat, starch and tin oxide.[4]

Lipstick

Lips with various shades of lipstick applied.

Lipstick is known to have been used around 5000 years ago in ancient Babylon, when semi-precious jewels were crushed and applied to the lips and occasionally around the eyes. Ancient Egyptians extracted purplish-red dye from fucus-algin, 0.01% iodine, and some bromine mannite, which resulted in serious illness. Cleopatra had her lipstick made from crushed carmine beetles, which gave a deep red pigment, and ants for a base.[5]

The red color of modern lipstick can come from synthetically derived pure iron oxide (one of the components of rust), however most leading brands use the more economical synthetic colors. In the United States, every batch of synthetic dye and pigment must have a sample sent to the US FDA for testing and certification that the batch is pure and its contaminants are below the levels specified by law (Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act CHAPTER VII—GENERAL AUTHORITY SUBCHAPTER B—COLORS LISTING AND CERTIFICATION OF COLOR ADDITIVES FOR FOODS, DRUGS, AND COSMETICS [1]). Synthetic colours are listed in the ingredients as a code (e.g.: F &D red no 6) and may contain up to 10 parts per million of lead / 3 parts per million of arsenic. (Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Volume 1 -FOOD AND DRUGS, CHAPTER I—FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, PART 74—LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES SUBJECT TO CERTIFICATION) There is some controversy over the presence of these trace ingredients, especially since makeup worn on the lips is not just absorbed through the skin, but also swallowed with drinking and eating. Since lowering these levels would make the production and sale of practically all lipstick illegal, and since the FDA has determined that the existing levels are safe, the cosmetic industry continues to produce and sell lipstick. (Color Additives: FDA's Regulatory Process and Historical Perspectives)[2]

Typically, the pigment is crushed very finely (7 to 10 micrometres) while being mixed with castor oil and is then mixed with a wax base to form a finished lipstick.

Lipsticks may be sheer or dense, matte or shiney. In their thinnest and most fluid consistency they are given their own category, lipgloss.