Permanent hair color
All permanent hair color products and lighteners contain a developer, or oxidizing agent, and an alkalizing agent (most often ammonia).
When the tint containing the alkalizing ingredient is combined with the developer, a chemical reaction occurs that swells the hair, permitting the tint to enter the cortex, where the melanin is located. The melanin is lightened and subsumed by the new color. The ammonia swells the cuticle of the hair to allow the color pigments to penetrate deep into the hair shaft.
Permanent color is truly permanent and will not wash out, although it may fade. New hair growth in the hair's natural color will contrast with the colored section of the hair.
Permanent hair dyes can be removed by bleaching, or stripping with a color remover. Theoretically, a color remover can return hair to its natural color if the hair has been treated with deposit-only dye, but this process may be damaging.
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