Ingredients

Ingredients

As well as more conventional moisturising ingredients, anti-aging creams usually contain anti-aging ingredients such as:

• Retinol (for instance, in the form of retinyl palmitate). In various formulations it has been shown to reduce fine lines and pores^[7].
• Epidermal Growth Factor, made of 53 amino acids to stimulate cell renewal and Collagen production in the skin and strengthen elasticity and structure. The discovery of Epidermal Growth Factor won Dr. Stanley Cohen a Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1986. In various research Epidermal Growth Factor has been shown to reduce fine lines, wrinkles and sagging.^[8] It also has healing (wounds and burns) and anti-inflammatory properties when applied to skin ^[9].
• Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) and beta hydroxy acids or other chemical peels. These help to dissolve the intracellular "glue" that holds the dead cells together on the skin. The use of this type of product on a daily basis gradually enhances the exfoliation of the epidermis. This exposes newer skin cells and can help improve appearance. AHAs may irritate some skin, causing redness and flaking.
• Peptides, such as Argireline (acetyl hexapeptide-3), Matryxil, and copper peptides.
• Coenzyme Q10
• Anti-oxidants are substances that may protect cells from the damage caused by unstable molecules known as free radicals.^[10]
• Sunscreens. A high level of UVA protection is recommended as UVA radiation is associated with aging effects such as wrinkles.^[11]

The effects of these ingredients depends on their concentration and mode of application. Many skin care companies recommend using a treatment programme which may combine these ingredients. For example, AHAs can make the skin more vulnerable to damage from the sun, so the increased use of sunscreens is often recommended.